歸正運動與加爾文 2009 雅加達神學講座(英文主講) - 第2講

Last time we already talked about the importance of the Reformation 上次我們已經談到歸正運動的重要性 and if we Cristians do not understand that We do not understand history 若身為基督徒的我們不明白,我們就不能瞭解歷史 we will surely lose our identity 我們肯定會失去我們的地位 A man who doesn't know history He will lose his identity 一個不了解歷史的人會失去他的地位 A Christian who do not know the history of Christian church, he will lose his identity as a Christian member 一個不懂教會歷史的基督徒 會失去他身為基督徒的地位 If we lose our hope 如果我們失去希望 we will lose our future 我們會失去未來 if we lose our presence 如果我們失去了我們的氣度 we will lose the value of our existence 我們將失去存在的價值 Man is the only being created after the image and the likeness of God 人類是唯一按照上帝的形象樣式被造的 we exist physically in this temporary world 我們以肉體的形式存在於這個暫存的世界中 but God puts eternity in our soul 但上帝將永恆性放在我們的靈魂裡面 That is the reason we are so different from other animals 這就是使我們與其他動物如此不同的原因 Our spirit can look backwards 我們的靈魂能看向過去 and that is the content of history 這就是歷史的內容 Our spirit can look forward 我們的靈魂可以向前看 that is the vision of our future 這是我們眺望未來的眼光 today we are commemorating the 500 years anniversary of John Calvin's ,1509-1564 birth 今天我們紀念約翰‧加爾文誕辰五百周年 Two years yesterday 到昨天已經兩年了 if Calvin is here 若加爾文在這裡 He would never agree that we commemorating him 他絕對不會同意我們紀念他 that is the reason he is worthy of being commemorated 這就是他值得被紀念的原因 Calvin never felt that he was great 加爾文從來不覺得自己很偉大 that is the reason we consider he was great 這就是我們認為他偉大的原因 Calvin never felt that he was significant 加爾文從來沒有覺得他很重要 that is the reason we consider him very significant 這就是我們認為他非常重要的原因 Calvin never felt that he loves God too much 加爾文從來不覺得自己很愛上帝 that is the reason he is the example of our love to God 因此他是我們敬愛上帝的榜樣 If we have to find out who is the most humble, the most faithful in the history and the most consistent in loving God and preaching His truth 若我們必須找出歷史上最謙卑、最忠誠 而且最堅定地愛神、傳講祂真理的人 I'm sure I will choose John Calvin 我一定會選擇約翰‧加爾文 Every sentence he speaks He speaks in a very humble way 他的談吐十分地謙遜 He never boast of himself 他從不誇耀自己 If you look at Martin Luther, 1483-1546 who said Such a less important monk like me can shake the throne of pope and the Roman Catholique Church 馬丁路德曾經說過:「像我這樣卑微的修士 都可以搖撼教皇和羅馬天主教的座位」 Calvin never said anything like that 加爾文從未說過類似的話 in Calvin's heart there's no revenge 在加爾文心裏沒有報復 no self-defence 不為自己辯護 Once he said Even though Martin Luther called me a devil 有一次他說:「儘管馬丁路德稱我為魔鬼」 I always consider him my spiritual father 我一直認為他是我屬靈的父親 in the spirituality of John Calvin 在約翰·加爾文的靈性中 we see all the best examples which Christian can follow 我們看到基督徒可以遵循的所有最好模範 Of course, he have been participated in one of the most important historical movement of all times 當然,他參加了有史以來最重要的歷史運動之一 and what is the meaning of historical movement? 歷史運動的意義是什麼? when a historical movement occurs 當歷史運動發生時 human society, human religion and human achievement are now turning to another direction 人類的社會、宗教和成就便轉往另一個方向 historical movement is a study which would take years for us to understand 歷史運動是一項必須耗費多年才能明白的研究 when historical movement occurs everything will change 一切都會改變 The past days will never return 過去的日子不會再回來了 historical movement could occur when a group of people are not satisfied with the situation and the condition of their time 當一群人對他們的現狀不滿意時 歷史運動就可能發生 so a new idea exploded from within their hearts 他們突然產生一個新的想法 and influenced so many people to follow them 並影響了很多人跟隨他們 and created a new era in history 並在歷史中開創了一個新的時代 historical movement needs the creativity 歷史運動需要創造力 historical movement needs a lot of followers 歷史運動需要很多的跟隨者 historical movement needs a new spirit and a new direction for the new era of history 為了新的歷史時代,歷史運動需要新的精神和方向 of all the historcal movements in history which have changed the minds and the ways of living of human beings 歷史上所有改變了人類思想和生活方式的歷史運動 Reformation is the most important one 歸正福音運動是其中最重要的一個 because besides of Reformation there's not even one historical movement which was directly directed by God Himself 除了歸正福音運動之外 沒有一個歷史運動是直接由上帝親自帶領的 so many historical movements are originated from human beings as creatures of God but not originated from God 如此多的歷史運動始於上帝所創造的人類 但不是出於上帝 I want to raise up your attention about what kind of the significance we know through the historical movement called Reformation 我想提高你的注意力 透過稱為歸正運動的歷史運動,我們了解了什麼意義 Reformation exploded out from the guidance of the Holy Spirit to His own chosen people The universal church 歸正福音運動從聖靈對祂的選民 普世教會的引導之中爆發出來 Even though so many times it have been guided by the foreigners in different countries in Europe and Central Europe 儘管如此 它已多次為歐洲和中歐的外國人所領導 Like Tindale, 1494-1536 like Wycliffe, 1320-1384 in Britain 例如英國的威廉·廷代爾和約翰·威克里夫 Like Jan Hus in Bohemia 就像波希米亞的揚·胡斯一樣 and other places in France in Scotland and in some other places 在法國的其他地方和蘇格蘭以及其他一些地方 but they failed to overthrown the Catholic Church 但他們未能推翻天主教會 not until 31 October 1517 when Martin Luther nailed the 95 theses on the gate of the church in Wittenberg 直到1517年10月31日 馬丁·路德將九十五條論綱釘在威登堡教會的門上 and this movement became a movement which cannot be quenched by any power from politics religion or military achievements 而這個運動成為一個無法被政治 宗教或軍事成就,任何力量撲滅的運動 and the flame of the Holy Spirit still burns in every part of the world from that day 聖靈的火焰從那天起仍然在世界各地燃燒 the talent and the spirit of Martin Luther was much stronger than John Calvin 馬丁·路德的恩賜與靈性都大大強過約翰‧加爾文 Martin Luther was a giant and was so talented and so eloquent in preaching and delivering his oratory 馬丁·路德是個偉人,他如此有才華 能辯才無礙地講道和發揮他的才幹 so explosive, so full of feelings and emotions in his life 他的生命是如此熱烈地充滿情緒和感情 but Calvin was so calm, so steady and silent in his life 但是加爾文的生命是如此平靜、穩定與安靜 Even though, they are very different 儘管他們如此不同 but God had greatly used both of them 但上帝仍然大大地使用了他們兩個 He used them in very different ways 以截然不同的方式 What kind of method was used by God on these two giants of Reformation? 上帝是以何種方式使用這兩位歸正運動的偉人呢? in the power of Martin Luther there's full of destructive effects 在馬丁路德的力量裡面,充滿了拆毀的功用 destructive power 拆毀的力量 but not Calvin 但加爾文不同 Calvin conceives the greatest constructive power 加爾文懷有最大的建造能力 if there were a man called Martin Luther 若有一個人叫做馬丁·路德 if there were not a man called Martin Luther 若沒有一個叫做馬丁·路德的人 it is almost impossible to challenge the giants of Roman Catholicism 幾乎是不可能去挑戰羅馬天主教的大人物 cannot overthrown and reduce the influences of the Roman Catholic power in Europe and the world 無法推翻及削弱羅馬天主教在歐洲和世界的影響力 so God had used Martin Luther to be the tool to tear down the great system of Roman Catholicism 所以上帝使用馬丁·路德 作為推翻羅馬天主教龐大體系的器皿 all the wrong teachings 所有錯誤的教導 all the bad traditions 所有不好的傳統 and all the wrong doctrines 和所有錯誤的學說 were all exposed by the teachings of Martin Luther at that time 都在那個時候被馬丁·路德的教導暴露出來了 and after the Roman catholicism have been overthrown 在羅馬天主教被推翻之後 came confusion 混亂就來到 came uncertainty 不確定性出現了 came the feelings of no identity 產生失去身份的感覺 because at that time of mediaeval people are so crucial to know that their sins are forgiven, they could be saved and they are sure of going to heaven 因為在中世紀的時候人們迫切地想知道 他們的罪是否得赦、他們是否得救以及能上天堂的確據 and all these assurances only depends on the legalization of the church 而這一切確據都取決於教會的合法化 if the church do not recognize you 如果教會不承認你 if the father of Catholicism do not want to forgive you 如果天主教教會的神父不想饒恕你 in your confession, in your contrition 當你告解、悔罪的時候 then you will never go to heaven 那你就絕對無法上天堂 so the keys are in the hands of catholic leaders 所以權柄都掌握在天主教領袖的手中 everyone are trembling 每個人都在顫抖 they are afraid if they could't go to heaven 他們害怕如果他們不能去天堂 so their identities are based on the recognition of the catholic leaders 所以他們的身份是基於天主教領袖的認可 catholic had a very old tradition of interpreting if you release somebody in this world my Father in heaven will also release that person 天主教有個非常古老的傳統慣例 你在地上釋放誰,我父在天上也會釋放誰 If you forgive the sins of a sinner my heavenly Father will forgive him as well 你赦免誰的罪,誰的罪就必被天上的父赦免 at the contradictory, if you do not want to release them they will never be released, never be saved 相反的,如果你不願釋放他們 他們永遠不會被釋放,永遠不能得救 so, the key is in the church 所以,權柄是在教會的手中 Cyprian, 200-258 said Outside of the church, there is no salvation 居普良教導說:「在教會之外沒有救恩」 and this sentence became the biggest and the strongest weapon of catholic fathers 這句話就成了天主教神父最大、最強的武器 your fate, your destiny and your eternal fortune depends on these fathers 你的命運和永恆的際遇取決於這些神父 It will influence your eternity not only your life on earth 這不只影響你在世上的人生,也影響你的永恆 the time when Martin Luther was excommunicated from the Catholic Church 當時馬丁·路德被天主教會逐出教會的時候 The occurrence of this incident is a great disaster for one person 這件事的發生對一個人來說是一場大災難 so It means that Martin Luther have no possibility to be saved 所以這意味著馬丁·路德沒有得救的可能了 Because he was excommunicated from the church 因為他已被教會除名 and who ever follows him will also get the same kind of destiny forever forbidden from heaven 任何跟隨他的人也會遭遇一樣的命運 永遠被禁止去天堂 so after Martin Luther had his destructive power to challenge the Catholic Church 在馬丁·路德以他的拆毀能力去挑戰天主教會之後 and he was excommunicated 他就被逐出教會 then the whole community of christians that oppose the catholicism has no identity, no hope, no future, no eternal bliss 整個反對天主教的基督徒群體 都不被認同、沒有盼望、沒有未來與永遠的福樂 and that is the reason God raised up John Calvin 這就是神高抬約翰‧加爾文的原因 John Calvin had read the Bible so many times 約翰加爾文讀聖經讀了好多好多遍了 I believe he's the one who knows the total meaning of the Bible better than anyone in history 我相信他是比歷史上任何人都更了解聖經全部意義的人 He rebuilt and restored the confident of every Christian that they need not to be afraid of the excommunication 他重建並恢復每個基督徒的信心 他們不必害怕被逐出教會 Why do we say that? 我們為何這樣說呢? because he found out that our identity is not based up on the recognition of the church's authority 因為他發現我們的身份不是建立在教會的認可之上 then how can I know that I'm saved? 那我怎麼知道我得救沒有? How can I be certain that I have the eternal security? 我如何確定我有永恆的保障? How can I have the assurance of going to heaven? 我如何確保自己可以去天堂? people say: I'm saved because the church fathers the catholic priests said they forgive my sins 人們說:我得救 是因為天主教的神父饒恕了我的過犯 but Calvin found out in the Bible you should jump from that level 但加爾文在聖經裡面發現:你應該跳脫這個層次 the jumping of the understanding of the traditional level according to the tradition of exposition of the Bible is the key to make you confident 跳脫錯誤遺傳的理解 根據改教傳統對聖經的解釋是使你生發信心的關鍵 and this kind of jump is very important to our faith 這樣的跳脫對我們的信仰是非常重要的 Just like when Jesus was not considered qualified enough to be the priest 就像當時耶穌被認為不符合作祭司的資格 because all the Pharisee people know that he is from the tribe of Juda 因為所有的法利賽人都知道他來自猶大支派 and Judah's descendants have no possibility to become a priest 猶大的後裔不可能成為祭司 because priests must be the descendant of Levi, Aaron and finally, the descendant of Zadok 因為祭司必須是利未的後裔 亞倫的後裔以及撒督的後裔 But the author of the Hebrew Epistles 但是希伯來文書的作者 He found out there is a jump over this traditional interpretation of the Bible 他突破了傳統對聖經的解釋 they discovered the promise of God to His Son in Psalms 110 他們從詩篇110篇發現了上帝對祂兒子的應許 You are a priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek 祢是照著麥基洗德的等次,永遠為祭司 and Melchizedek is even earlier than the existance of Harold, Levi and Sadok 而麥基洗德甚至比、利未、撒督更早 When Abraham gave 10% of his income to Melchizedek the high priest from God 當亞伯拉罕將自己所得來的十分之一 給從上帝來的大祭司麥基洗德 at that time, Aaron was not yet existing 當時亞倫尚未出生 He was still in the waist of Abraham 他還在亞伯拉罕的腰中 So the Hebrew people people of Judah could never accuse Jesus You are from Judah you are not allowed nor qualified to become a priest 所以希伯來人、猶太人無法指控耶穌 「你來自猶大,你不被允許也沒有資格成為祭司」 This kind of jump is an inspiration for Christians to find out How can we be assured of our identity in eternity 這個想法啟發了基督徒能以得知 如何確保我們在永恆中的身份 and John Calvin found out about this 而約翰‧加爾文發現了 that was not Martin Luther 不是馬丁·路德 not Zwingli, 1484-1531 不是慈運理 But John Calvin discovered this 而是約翰‧加爾文的發現 you are not recognized by a catholic leader 你沒有天主教領袖的認可 so you are not legalized to be a true Christian 你不是一個合法的真基督徒 How can you say you are saved? 你怎麼能說你得救了? because you are excommunicated 因為你已經被逐出教會了! no more priest will lay his hand on your head 沒有牧師會再給你按手 so you will lose your identity for ever and ever 因此你將永遠失去你的身份 but Calvin answered 但加爾文回答 that is written in the book of Ephesians We are predestinated even before the foundation of the world 在以弗所書裡寫著 我們在上帝創世之前就已經被揀選了 so brothers and sisters I tell you very seriously 所以弟兄姊妹們,我很嚴肅的告訴你們 the doctrine of predestination was originally from the revelation of God 預定論的教義最初是來自上帝的啟示 It is not a human invention 不是人類的發明 It is not a human interpretation of the Bible 不是人的解經 but that was revealed by God Himself 而是上帝親自啟示的 Before the universe was created 在宇宙被創造以先 Before the existance of all being created by God 在萬物被上帝創造出來之前 God already predestinated in Jesus Christ that we become His children 上帝早已在耶穌基督內預定我們成為祂的兒女 so that is the greatest assurance 所以這是最大的保證 So we don't need to be afraid of not being able to enter heaven 所以我們不必害怕不能上天堂 Who are you? 你是誰? you priests 你們作教師的 you catholic fathers 你們作神父的 you cardinal 你們這些紅衣主教 and you pope 你們這些主教 you are only ordained far after the creation of the universe 你只是在宇宙被造許久之後才被任命的 but I am a Christian 但我是個基督徒 My identity was predestined by God Himself 我的身份是上帝甚至在創世之前親自預定的 so the doctrine of predestination 所以預定論的道理 is not compulsory teaching the Christians of Reformed Churches to follow 沒有強制性地教導歸正教會的基督徒遵循 nothing compulsory 並非強制性的 it is the true understanding of the eternal will of God and the eternal preparation of the decree of salvation 此乃是對主上帝永恆預旨並救恩的真知識 so because of this kind of understanding of the doctrine in the Bible 因著如此對聖經的理解 So Calvinism gave true Christians the confidence to not be afraid of anyone in the world 加爾文主義給予真正的基督徒不懼怕世上任何人的信心 It doesn't matter who recognizes me or confirms my identity in this world 這個世上誰是否認可我、誰是否肯定我都無關緊要 Because I directly depend on the eternal God 因為我坦然倚靠永恆的上帝 I trust directly in His eternal will to save me 我坦然地相信祂以永恆的旨意拯救我 This is the reason we say Martin Luther tore down the giant catholic theology system 因此我們認為馬丁·路德拆毀了龐大的天主教神學系統 But God used Calvin to raise up to build up the strong confidence of protestant theology 但是上帝興起加爾文來建立新教神學的強烈信心 no one had thoroughly understood the whole scripture like Calvin 沒有人像加爾文一樣完整透徹地瞭解全本聖經 in 500 years of history it have proven that the Catholic system is the strongest, the most consistent and the most comprehensive 五百年的歷史已經證明天主教系統 是最健全、最堅固和最縝密的 so tonight we praise God for raising up John Calvin 所以今晚我們為著約翰·加爾文的興起讚美上帝 this is because of the sovereign grace of God's power 這就是上帝能力的主權恩典 next to this, together with all the great reformers including Bullinger, 1504-1575 Bucer, 1491-1551 and also Melanchthon, 1497-1560 Martin Luther and Zwingli 與所有偉大的改教家比肩的還有 布林格、布塞爾、梅蘭希通、馬丁·路德和慈運理 and John Calvin, all together they agreed with the five principles in the Reformation movement 和約翰·加爾文一同,他們都同意歸正運動中的五個唯獨 which I have put all these principles on top of our cathedral here 我已經把這五個唯獨寫在我們大教堂的頂部 The first is Sola Scriptura 第一個是「唯獨聖經」 Only through the Bible 唯有藉著聖經 Only by the words of God 唯有上帝的話 So it is based on the Bible we built up our system of faith 我們以聖經為根基建立信仰體系 Why only the Bible? 為何唯獨聖經? weren't there many documents and contribution of the writings of the church fathers outside of the Bible? 除了聖經以外 不是有許多神父與教師的文獻嗎? But not one book beside the Bible can compete, replace or compare with the reveal of the word of God 但是除了聖經之外 沒有一本書可以競爭、取代或與上帝聖言的啟示相比 Because all writings of human being are written as a production of the limited, created and polluted reasoning 因為人類的所有著作 都是從有限的、被造的和受汙染的理性產生出來的 but the Bible is the only scripture from God Himself that is totally pure and completely revealed by God Himself 但聖經是唯一一部純全,完全由上帝親自啟示的經典 If you have to divide and discern the truth with the interpretation of the truth 如果你必須通過對真理的解釋來劃分和辨別真相 no interpretation of truth could be compared or equalized with the truth itself 對真理的解釋不能與真理本身相比或被等同視之 if you have to discern the preaching and the Bible 如果你必須分辨講道和聖經 Bible is Bible, there's no way to compare or to equalize the preaching with the Bible 聖經是聖經,講道與聖經是不能相提並論的 This is the first principle in the movement of Reformation 這是歸正運動的第一個原則 so they all confessed that this principle is absolute and couldn't be compromised 所以他們都公認這個原則是絕對的,不容妥協 Sola Scriptura 「唯獨聖經」 In Barfield, 1898-1997 theology 在巴菲爾德神學中 He divided logos into 3 realms 他將神的話語劃分為三個領域 the first: The word of God in preaching 首先:講台上傳講的上帝的話 and the second The word of God in revelation of the Bible 第二:上帝在聖經中啟示的話語 the third The word of God in the incarnated Christ in the history 上帝的道成了歷史時間中肉身的基督 I think this implied something dangerous 我認為這意味著某些危險的想法 Because it seems that people equalized all these 3 因為人們似乎將這三件事等量齊觀了 but actually, it must not be equalized 事實上,這是不能等量齊觀的 Because preaching is human interpretation of the revealed Bible 因為講道是人類對聖經的解釋 except that preaching is apostolic preaching 除了使徒的教導 or the prophetic preaching 或是預言性的教導 Otherwise you see so many preachers are preaching casually preaching according to their polluted reasoning power 除此以外,你看到許多傳道人隨便講道 以被污染的理性功能講道 That is changing eternally without stability 永遠變來變去,沒有穩定性 so, I think it is right to confirm that the Bible is the only truth in the written form 因此,我認為必須確認 聖經是唯一以書面形式存在的真理 in gospel of John 17:17 約翰福音第十七章十七節 Jesus prayed to His Father: Sanctify my people 耶穌向天父祈求:「求祢使他們成聖」 Sanctify them, Father 「父啊!使他們成聖」 with the truth 用真理 after He prayed like this He added another sentence said: Thy word is truth 如此禱告之後,又說:「祢的道就是真理」 it only appeared once in the Bible 在聖經裡面只出現過一次 the word of God is truth 神的話就是真理 the truth is the word of God 真理就是神的話 so all the reformers they agreed to put this as the first principle 因此所有的改教家一致同意以此為第一個唯獨 incomparable 不能比較的 no replacement 不能被取代的 can not be compete with 不能與之競爭 no equalization 沒有與之相等的 There's not even one religious book of another religion or any spiritual writings from any church father could compare with the writings of the Old Testament prophets and the New Testament apostles 沒有任何一部其他宗教的著作或任何教會長老的屬靈著作可以與舊約先知以及新約使徒所寫的相比 This is the first foundation 這是第一個根基 so we believe 我們相信 we act 我們行動 we behave 我們為人 we obey God's work 我們順服上帝的工作 we build up our ethical behavior 我們建立合乎道德的行為 all only upon the word of God 一切都只取決於上帝的話語 這是第一個要點 and the second principle is Sola Gratia 第二個要點是「唯獨恩典」 Sola Gratia means that there's no human merit can be joint with the grace of God 「唯獨恩典」的意思就是 沒有人的功德可以與上帝的恩典合作 the Bible leaves no room for human merit in the realm of God's salvation 聖經在上帝的救恩裡面沒有為人類的功德留下一點空間 so in the Reformed tradition since the time of Reformation 自歸正運動開始以來的傳統 all reformers believe Sola Gratia 所有歸正信仰的人都相信「唯獨恩典」 if you do not recognize and do not admit Sola Gratia is the only understanding of salvation 如果你不承認也不接受「唯獨恩典」 是救贖的唯一解釋 you will never give the full glory to God 你絕對不會全然歸榮耀與神 so this is very important 所以這是非常重要的 and gratia the grace from God 從上帝而來的恩典 the grace of God is directly from the sovereignty of God 上帝的恩典直接來自於上帝的主權 so no one can effect, no one can influence God to give grace to whom or not to whom 所以沒有任何人能影響上帝施恩給誰或不給誰 it's by the will of God Himself 是上帝自己的決定 He give grace differently with different portion to different people 祂以不同的方式給予不同的人不同分量的恩典 if someone gets more than others 若有人得的比別人多一點 we must not require that each portion should be in accordance with the justice of God 我們不能要求上帝按照祂的公義賜福給我們 the grace of God has nothing to do with the justice of God 上帝的恩典與上帝的公義無關 must be understood through the sovereignty of God 上帝的恩典必須透過上帝的主權來了解 and this is the second principle 這是第二個要點 God is the only one Who's sovereign and gives us grace according to His own will 上帝是唯一擁有主權 並按照自己的意願賜予我們恩典的 that is the reason there's no qualification, no condition within the sinners that can please God and cause Him or influence Him to give grace to us 因此罪人沒有任何資格或條件可以取悅上帝 或左右祂賜給我們恩典 we can only beg for the mercy from God If He is willing He will do something and grant His grace to us 我們只能乞求上帝的憐憫,如果祂願意 祂會動工並賜恩典給我們 and in the Reformed theology there's division between the so-called common grace and the saving grace 在歸正神學裡面 所謂的普遍恩典和救贖恩典之間是有區分的 later on I will go further and talk about the significance of this division it is so important that no school or theology system had taught before 待會我會講更多關於這個區分的意義 這非常重要而且沒有任何學校或神學的課程講過 Thirdly 第三 the principle is called Sola Fide 「唯獨信心」 Sola Fide means only by our faith that we can be accepted by God 就是唯獨藉著我們的信心,我們才能被上帝接納 Sola Fide means by faith alone, we can please Him 「唯獨信心」就是我們只有藉著信心才能討祂的喜悅 and what is the meaning of Fide? and in Latin it's called πιστός 希臘文是πιστός πιστός and fide means believing, faith and trust in God πιστός 和 Fide 意思是相信、信靠上帝 What does it mean by faith? 藉著信是甚麼意思? one of the most important definition from Martin Luther is 有影響力的定義之一是馬丁·路德所說的 faith means the acceptance of the acceptance 信仰就是領受接納 What does it mean by the acceptance of the acceptance? 領受接納是甚麼意思呢? I accept something 我領受某件事 even though it seems illogical 既使看起來不太合理 but it is the fact 但這是事實 so I couldn't reject it 所以我無法拒絕它 I might not refuse it 我可能不會拒絕它 I have to accept it 我必須領受它 accept what? 領受甚麼? I accept the fact that even though I'm so sinful so unworthy but God have already accepted me 我領受這一個事實 就是即便我罪惡深重不配蒙恩,上帝卻早已接納了我 I accept the fact that God already accepted me the acceptance of the acceptance, that is faith 我領受上帝已經接納我的這個事實 領受接納,那就是信心 if the grace is given to human being without any condition and any qualification from them 如果人類得著恩典不是因為任何條件或資格 so what is in me that cause me to be given grace by God? 那麼在我裡面有什麼能使我得到上帝的恩典呢? the sinner prayed God, have mercy on me because I am a sinner 罪人禱告說 「上帝憐憫我吧!因為我是一個罪人」 there are a lot of differences between the prayer of the sinner and the Pharisee I am so good, I give tithing and I praise You because I am better than others 罪人和法利賽人的禱告有許多不同 「我是好人,我什一奉獻,我讚美祢因我比別人良善」 I thank You because I'm better than others 「我感謝祢因為我比別人良善」 This kind of thanksgiving always unconsciously happens in our Christian life 這樣的感恩禱告總是無意識地 出現在我們基督徒的生活中 When you have the thanksgiving meeting in your new house 當你在新家裡舉行感恩聚會 Are you truly, sincerely and honestly give thanks to God for your new house? 你是真心誠意地為你的新家感謝上帝嗎? Or, you are trying to tell others I thank God because my house is bigger than yours 還是你在告訴人: 「我感謝上帝,因為我的房子比你的大」? only God knows the motivation of our thanksgiving 只有上帝知道我們感恩的動機 Jesus said: This man is speaking in his heart to himself 耶穌說:這個人在心裡對自己說話 so that kind of thanksgiving has nothing to do with God Who is worthy of the glory of man 所以這樣的感恩與配得尊榮的上帝毫無關係 That sinner said: Have mercy on me, oh God! Because I am a sinner 那罪人禱告說:「神啊,可憐我這個罪人!」 and this sinner was immediately justified by God 這個罪人立刻得到上帝的稱義 so justification by faith 所以因信稱義 is based on the Sola Gratia 就是以唯獨恩典為根基 and Sola Gratia will cause our respond to God by Sola Fide 唯獨恩典會使我們藉著唯獨信心對上帝作出回應 other than the faith given by God as a gift, as a result and production of the word that we heard and respond to God 上帝所賜的信心 如同我們聽從並回應上帝的話的禮物、結果和產物 There is nothing we can please God with 我們沒有什麼可以取悅上帝的 because all our righteousness is just like wrecked clothes before God 因為我們所有的義在上帝面前都像破爛的衣服一樣 so this is the third principle of Reformation 這是歸正運動的第三個原則 and the fourth principle: Solus Christus 第四個要點是「唯獨基督」 Only Jesus Christ is the center point of all the revelation of God through the Old and New Testament 只有耶穌基督是貫穿舊約和新約所有上帝啟示的中心點 So Martin Luther said: By faith and you can see Jesus appearing in every Chapter of the Bible 馬丁·路德說:「藉著信心 你可以看到耶穌基督在聖經的每一章裡面出現」 We Christians should not have the selective perception in reading the Bible 我們基督徒不應該以選擇性的觀念讀聖經 We should have our hearts cleansed so the Holy Spirit Who is true may reveal the truth 我們應該潔淨我們的心使得真理的聖靈可以揭示真理 and that we could see all the focal point of the revelation of God 使我們可以看到上帝啟示的焦點 when Jesus was resurrected from the dead 當基督從死裡復活之後 He appeared Himself 10 times before He ascended to heaven 在祂升天之前,祂顯現了十次 and once among them He appeared to two men who were returning to Emmaus 其中一次就是向兩個要回以馬忤斯的門徒顯現 and He walked with them and He talked with them 祂與他們同行、與他們談話 What did He say to these two disciples? 祂對這兩個門徒說了什麼? He pointed out Himself and His necessity of suffering throughout the Bible from the book of Moses to Psalms and all the important writings of the prophets that time the Christology and the messianic passage they do no understand the part of the suffering 祂從摩西五經到詩篇和所有先知書信指出祂自己與祂受難的必要性,當時他們還不明白基督受難的必要性 the Jewish people read the Bible chapter by chapter, book by book after years of studying the Bible they only want the glorious Messiah not the suffering Messiah 猶太人多年來逐章逐卷地研讀聖經 他們卻只想迎接榮耀的彌賽亞而非受難的彌賽亞 they would not accept a Messiah who should be crucified who should experience suffering and finally crowned then go into the glory 他們不接受一個必須釘十架 經歷苦難之後進入尊貴和榮耀的彌賽亞 after 3 and a half years of discipling His disciples 祂訓練門徒三年半之後 teaching them 教導他們 they still do not understand 他們仍然不明白 so when Jesus was resurrected they're so disapointed because the crucifiction of their Messiah is very different from what they've hoped for and thought of so They felt that they have failed because they couldn't have the true Messiah 耶穌復活後他們非常失望,因為彌賽亞被釘十架與他們所希望的不同,他們不能接受真正的彌賽亞所以甚覺挫敗 and Jesus opened their eyes 耶穌開啟了他們的眼睛 Jesus let them know all the books in the Old Testament was pointing to His suffering not only the glorification 耶穌讓他們了解整本舊約都指出祂的受難 而不只是得榮耀 so all the greatest reformers they preach gospel and try to find out the focal point of Solus Christus in the whole Bible 所有偉大的改教家教導福音 並試著找出全本聖經中唯獨基督的焦點 There is a big church called Riverside Church in New York 在紐約有一個大教會叫河濱教堂 One time when a pastor came up to preach he saw two sentences written on a small paper 一次一位牧師上台要講道 他看見一張小紙條上面寫著兩句話 It was written and put on the pulpit 紙條就放在講台上 and it sounds like this 上面寫著 Please talk about Jesus 請談論耶穌的事情吧! because in this church we have missed His name for two years 因為在這裡我們已經兩年沒有聽到祂的名字了 that big church have not preach even the name of Jesus for two years 那間大教會甚至已有兩年之久沒有傳講耶穌的名字了 This kind of church 這樣的教會 deserved to decay and fade out 理當衰敗和滅亡 So the reformers say Solus Christus 因此改教家提出「唯獨基督」 This is a very important principle to build up the historical movement called the Reformation 這是建構歸正運動這個歷史運動極重要的要點 the fifth 第五 the fifth principle of Reformation movement is Soli Deo Gloria 歸正運動的第五的要點是「唯獨神的榮耀」 Everything we do 我們做每一件事情 We believe We behave 我們行事為人 We minister 我們服事 We witness 我們作見證 We do our daily jobs 我們做日常工作 We live our everyday lives 我們過日常生活 in all that we do there's only one final purpose 我們所做的一切只有一個最終目的 that is to glorify God alone 就是唯獨榮耀上帝 if you find anything you do that is not glorifying God 若你發現你所做任何一件不能榮耀上帝的事情 you should feel sad in your heart 你的心裡應該感到難過 and that kind of sadness is called the holy grief 那樣的悲傷就是聖潔的憂傷 and your sanctified emotion is grieving and opposing yourself 你被聖化的情感會在憂傷中敵擋自己 it means that you are walking in accordance with the steps of the guidance of the Holy Spirit 這表示你是按照聖靈所引導的去行 I speak everthing to glorify God 我說的每句話都為了榮耀上帝 everything I think 每一件所想的事情 everything I say 我所說的一切 everything I do 我做的每件事 everything I plan 我一切的計畫 my every behavior 我的每一個行為 my every ministery 我的每一個事工 should be purified in my conscience to glorify God alone 都當在被聖化的良心中煉淨,為了唯獨歸榮耀與上帝 I can never imagine there's any historical movement more glorious than the Reformation 我無法想像任何歷史運動比歸正運動更榮耀的 I repeat The first principle is Sola Scriptura 第一個要點是「唯獨聖經」 The second principle is Sola Gratia the third principle is Sola Fide 第三個要點是「唯獨信心」 the fourth principle is Solus Christus and the fifth principle is Soli Deo Gloria 第五個原則是「唯獨上帝的榮耀」 There was a great composer in Germany called Johann Sebastian Bach, 1685-1750 在德國有一位偉大的作曲家叫做約翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴哈 in these past two months our Jakarta Oratorio Society were singing Bach's Mass in B minor 這兩個月以來我們雅加達聖樂社在唱巴哈的B小調彌撒曲 Bach is one of the most devout Christian as a composer in history 巴哈是歷史上最虔誠的基督徒作曲家 He composed more than 300 cantatas 他創作了超過三百首清唱劇 to be sung in the church service and every cantata takes about 25 to 30 minutes 讓人在教會崇拜中歌唱,而每部清唱劇長約25至30分鐘 every sunday service in St. Thomas Church in eastern Germany Leipzig 位於東德萊比錫的聖多馬教堂的每個主日崇拜 He was just like John Calvin 他就像約翰加爾文 He never felt he was great 他從不認為自己偉大 He didn't know his music will be sung in Kemayoran after 250 years 他不知道兩百五十年後 他的音樂會在凱馬約蘭被演唱出來 He just tried to write good music in order to glorify God 他只是為了榮耀上帝而努力寫出好的音樂 and he train the choir in the weekdays 他平日訓練詩班 and the next week he present it to the congregation 下週馬上在會眾面前獻詩 and afterwards he try to compose again 然後他再作曲 then train the choir again 再訓練詩班 then present it in the next sunday service 下周主日崇拜又呈獻出來 so he worked so hard to accomplish one cantata after another every week 所以他每週都努力完成一部接一部的清唱劇 Do you know what happened? 你知道發生甚麼事了嗎? everytime he composes a new cantata 每次他創作一部新的清唱劇之前 he kneel down before God 他跪在上帝面前 My great God, help me! 偉大的上帝啊!幫助我! I want to compose some music for Your glory 我想要作曲榮耀祢 He was raised up in a pietist family 他成長在一個敬虔派的家庭裡面 He read the Bible so thoroughly 他徹底地研讀聖經 so meditating 晝夜思想 full of comprehension and understanding 理解地十分透徹 and then interpret the word of God with his full spirit and full understanding into his music 然後將他全部的精神 和對上帝話語的充分理解詮釋於他的音樂之中 I'll give you an example 我舉一個例子 in the Gospel of Matthew Jesus said: Tonight I will be betrayed by one of you, my disciples 馬太福音記載耶穌說: 「我實在告訴你們,你們中間有一個人要賣我了。」 and all the disciples started to ask him: Is it me Lord? Is it me Lord? Is it me Lord? 他們就甚憂愁,一個一個地問祂說:「主,是我嗎?」 and Johann Sebastian Bach composed that part of the music repeating 11 times, not 12 times 約翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴哈 所寫的那段音樂重複了十一次而不是十二次 Because Judah didn't ask Jesus: "Is it me, Lord?" 因為猶大沒有問:「主,是我嗎?」 so he read the Bible so carefully 他讀聖經是如此謹慎 He interpreted the Bible into his music so carefully 他如此謹慎地將聖經藉由音樂詮釋出來 and after 11 times 十一次之後 Judah asked Him: "Is it me, Rabbi?" Not "Lord" 猶大問:「拉比,是我嗎?」不是「主」 according to Chinese idiom out from a mouth of a dog we'll never discover ivory 根據中國諺語「狗嘴吐不出象牙」 so Judah never believed Jesus is his Lord 所以猶大從來不相信耶穌是他的主 so when 11 disciples asked: "Is it me, Lord?" Juhad also imitates: "Is it me, Rabbi?" 所以當十一個門徒問:「主啊!是我嗎?」 猶大也模仿著問:「拉比,是我嗎?」 other than you open your mouth 除了你張開嘴 and everytime you speak that is your self introduction 你說的一切話都是在介紹你自己 and Johann Sebastian Bach was so solemnly, so seriously and so faithfully to interpret the Bible into his music 巴哈如此謹慎、認真和忠實地將聖經刻劃到他的音樂裡 so when he starts to write a new cantata 所以當他要開始寫一部新的清唱劇時 he kneel down and say: "God, my Lord! Help me, I'm going to compose music to praise You, to honor You" 他跪下禱告說:「主啊!求祢幫助我 我要作曲來讚美祢、榮耀祢」 after he composed and finished a new cantata he never forgets to write "Soli Deo Gloria" 在他寫完成一首新的清唱劇時 他從未忘記寫下「唯獨上帝的榮耀」 so he was far greater than any other composers 所以他比任何其他作曲家都要偉大得多 He influenced Mozart, 1756-1791 他影響了莫札特 He influenced Beethoven, 1770-1827 他影響了貝多芬 He influenced Brahms, 1833-1897 他影響了布拉姆斯 He influenced so many great composers of all times 他影響了史上許多偉大的作曲家 I almost find no composer after him tried to critique him 我幾乎沒看過任何一位在他之後的作曲家批評他 Even in the 21th century 甚至到了二十一世紀 not even one computer can find out any error composed by Johann Sebastian Bach 沒有任何一台電腦可以找出巴哈作曲方面的錯誤 He was just too great 他實在太偉大了 because his life was driven by one pure motivation Soli Deo Gloria 因為他的人生只有一個純正的動機 「唯獨上帝的榮耀」 When we talk about this are we not accused in our own conscience? 當我們談到這裡,難道我們的良心沒有指責我們嗎? we always do something to glorify ourselves 我們總是做榮耀自己的事情 We always do something in order to make profit for ourselves 我們總是做能讓自己獲利的事情 I heard a theologian critique another theologian 我聽到一位神學家批評另一位神學家 He said: He is a reformed theologian 他說他是一個歸正的神學家 How could he say that sentence in the conference? 他怎麼會在聚會中說這句話? I ask him: What did he say? 我問他:「他說了甚麼?」 He said: I just couldn't believe it! 他說:「我真無法相信」 How could a Christian say: " I would never do anything unprofitable in my whole life"? 怎麼會有基督徒說: 「我一生絕對不會做任何無利可圖的事情」 Is he saved? 他得救了嗎? Is he a reformer? 他的信仰歸正了嗎? Please take note! 請注意! The fifth principle of Reformed faith is Soli Deo Gloria 歸正信仰的第五個原則是「唯獨上帝的榮耀」 If you truly claimed to be a reformer 如果你真的聲稱自己是歸正信仰的人 Please make some time for introspection 請好好地自我反省 and try to revive yourself 使自己甦醒過來 and rebuild your conscience 重建你的良心 purify your conscience 潔淨你的良心 and say to God I live in order to glorify Your name alone 並對上帝說:「我的一生唯獨要榮耀祢的名」 these are the five principles of Reformation 這就是歸正信仰的五要點 and among the total movement of historical reformation 在整個歸正運動之中 the most important line must come through Calvinism 最重要的路線必然通過加爾文主義 after 1536 1536 年之後 the significance of Martin Luther is going down 馬丁·路德的重要性越來越低微了 but the importance of Calvinism is going up 但加爾文主義的重要性卻越來越高 in 1517 1517年 the Reformation was exploded in Wittenberg 歸正運動在威登堡迅速開展 the whole world is paying attention to one German called Martin Luther 整個世界都在關注一位名叫馬丁·路德的德國人 but after 20 years 但20年後 the movement turns from Germany to Geneva 改教運動從德國轉向日內瓦 the whole Europe knows the new theology according to the old tradition of the Bible have been revived in Geneva 整個歐洲都知道 根據聖經的舊傳統,新的神學在日內瓦復興起來了 and every church in Europe send their students to Geneva to study the center of reformed theological education 全歐洲的教會都派學生去 有著歸正神學中心地位的日內瓦學習 reformers, reformed churchs and all the reformation students came from Bohemia, south Germany France, England, Scotland and Holland they all went to Geneva to study the theology of John Calvin 在波西米亞、南德、法國、英國、蘇格蘭與荷蘭 的歸正教會都派人到日內瓦去學習約翰‧加爾文的神學 the influence of the Calvinism is much greater than Hansworlf People who have studied under the teachings of John Calvin 在約翰·加爾文教導下學習的人 they go back to England 他們回到英國 and became the Puritan Christians 就成為了清教徒 and they were persecuted by the Anglican leaders 他們受到聖公會領袖的迫害 People who went to study Calvinism in Geneva went back to Scotland 前往日內瓦學習加爾文主義的人回到了蘇格蘭 and John Knox, 1514-1572 started the Presbyterian Church as the mother church of all presbyterians in the whole world 約翰·諾克斯建立了世界長老會的母會 and Scotland became so independent in their religious experience 蘇格蘭的宗教經歷變得如此獨立 they totally adopted Calvinism from the teachings of Reformation 他們完全從歸正運動的教義中採用了加爾文主義 until now, you see the Scottish reformed is one of the strongest reformed in the world 直到現在你可以看到蘇格蘭的歸正運動是世界最強大的 and those students who went to study under Calvin in Geneva 那些去日內瓦向加爾文學習的學生 they went back to Amsterdam, to Rotterdam to Den Helder, to Utrecht, to so many cities in Nederland 他們回到阿姆斯特丹、鹿特丹、登海爾德 與烏特勒支等許多荷蘭的城市 and they started the reformed churchs there 他們在那裏建立了歸正教會 and people from France came to study under John Calvin in Geneva 法國人也來到日內瓦向約翰·加爾文 they went back to France and started the Huguenot tradition in France 他們回到法國就開始了胡格諾派的傳統 and the influence goes from Scotland to the United States 如此從蘇格蘭影響到了美國 and other parts of the world 與世界其他地方 so the Reformed Church and Presbyterian Church was established all over the world after several centuries 所以幾個世紀以後 歸正教會和長老教會在世界各地被建立起來 The influence of Martin Luther is going down but the influence of Calvin is going up 馬丁·路德的影響力正在降低 但加爾文的影響力正在提升 the whole world learnt and understood there's no system of faith and the understanding of Reformed theology stronger than Calvinism 全世界都明白了解,沒有一個信仰體系 以及對歸正神學的理解比加爾文主義更強的 If you are reformed 如果你歸正了 and truly faithful to reformed 並且是真的對歸正信仰忠實 thoroughly understand the theology of Reformed 徹底地了解歸正神學 you will never casually compromise the truth to other kind of human thinking 你絕對不會隨便將真理與其他人類的思想妥協 If you are consistently reformed 如果你的歸正信仰是前後一致的 you will easily discover the weakness of all kinds of knowledge system in other fields science, theology, culture and all learning system 你會很容易地發現其他領域 科學、神學、文化和各種知識體系的弱點 but I will want you 但我希望你 If reformed people forget his own position in leading the world and the culture of the world 如果歸正信仰的人忘記了 自己在領導世界和世界文化方面的地位 the world has no hope 這世界就沒有希望了 Only this system can truly guide the world's history 只有這個系統才能真正引導世界的歷史 Not because we are reformed so we say reformed is the best 不是因為我們是歸正信仰的人 所以我們說歸正信仰最好 But because reformed is truly the best so we become reformed 而是因為歸正信仰是最好的,所以我們歸正 not because I belong to this group I defend it 不是因為我屬於這個團體,所以我捍衛它 but because this group is so important so pure and full of truth, so I join it 而是因為這個團體如此具有重要性 如此純潔並充滿真理所以我要加入 Stephen Tong was never reformed 唐崇榮過去並未歸正 But I believe there must be truth 但我相信一定有真理 There must be system of the absolute truth in this world 這世上一定有絕對真理的系統 so I want to find out which system contains the absolute truth 所以我想要尋找到底是哪一個系統? finally after studying for a long time 終於在我研究了許久之後 I've gone through atheism, communism dialectical materialism, evolutionism and existentialism and so many different kinds of philosophy and ideas in this world 我經歷過無神論、共產主義、辯證唯物主義、進化論 存在主義和世間許多不同種類的哲學和思想 and finally I realized only in the reformed system of epistemology consist the solidness and the comprehensiveness and the consistent nature of the total truth 最後我才意識到:唯有歸正信仰的認識論體系 包含了整全真理的整體性、全面性和一致性 then I came to adopt the reformed theology in the final semester of my theological study 然後我在神學研究的最後一個學期接受了歸正神學 I totally submit myself before God 我在上帝的面前完全降服下來 and I find out what is my purpose of living on this earth is 我找到了我在這世上生活的目的 I will submit my life to God 我要將我的生命獻給上帝 I am holding on to the system of Reformed faith 我堅信歸正信仰的制度 and teach my students to understand Reformed Theology 然後教導我的學生明白歸正神學 I don't know what price should I pay? 我不知道代價是甚麼? I will never compromise again 我絕不再妥協 in this system of truth 在這個真理的系統之中 there is absolute absolute essence 有絕對絕對的本質 there is confirmation of God as the truth in subjectivity 也確認了上帝是真理的主體性 Who revealed Himself through this system of truth 藉由這個真理系統揭示了祂自己 So I dedicated myself again 所以我再次將自己獻上 to be the instructor of my years my time, the rest of my life to preach Reformed Theology to teach Reformed teachings to expose Reformed understanding of the Bible 我一生的年日與光陰都要來傳講歸正神學 教導歸正的學問並將改革宗對聖經的認識公諸於世 Before I founded the Reformed Evangelical Church 在我建立印尼歸正福音教會以前 I should tell you, I was the most welcomed preacher in every place and every denomination not only in Indonesia but all over the world 我必須告訴你,我在各教派、各地方 都是最受歡迎的講員,不只是在印尼 I received so many letters every month inviting me to preach in their churches 每個月我都收到許多教會的邀請信 要我到他們教會講道 they only give me the opportunity to chose which church I should go and which church I do not want to go 他們只給我機會選擇要去哪一間教會 but it is a temptation for me if I go according to my profit according to my reputation or to please people, I will be in danger 但這對我來說是個引誘 若我為了利益、名聲或是為了討好人而去,就很危險了 so I kneel down before God 所以我跪在上帝面前 I choose at least 2 months each year to visit the poorest place in the world to preach and to experience suffering, bitterness and poverty to understand more about my Lord Who have been incarnated in this poor world 我每年至少花兩個月去探訪世上最貧窮之地,去傳道並經歷苦難與缺乏,為了更多了解道成肉身於這苦難世界的主 I choose to preach to thousands and thousands youngsters even though they don't have money to give offering 我選擇向成千上萬的年輕人講道 就算他們沒有錢可以奉獻 and I pray to God 我禱告主 Until my old days I'm not going to forget those young children 直到年紀老邁時,我也不要忘記那些孩子 Last year I preached to 7000 children in Singapore 去年我在新加坡向七千多個孩子講道 and it greatly amazed our guest speaker how can a man at about the age of 70 still preaching, jumping, shouting to children so little 這讓我們的客座講員非常驚奇,怎麼一個近七十歲的人 可以在這麼小的孩子面前又跳又喊地講道 Why? 為什麼? Because of that promise to God 因著那份對主的承諾 I want to be Your servant 我要做祢的僕人 I want to spread the Reformed Theology 我要傳講歸正神學 I want to preach Your gospel 我要傳揚祢的福音 Not for my profit 不是為了我的利益 nor my reputation 也不是為了我的名聲 but Your glory 而是為了祢的榮耀 For Your chosen people in this world 為了祢的選民 The significance of the Reformed Thoelogy 歸正神學的重要性 The significance of the Reformed Movement 歸正運動的重要性 is so obvious 是如此顯著的 I should stop here 我該做結尾了 and tomorrow evening 明天晚上 I'm going to talk to you about the influences in these 500 years 我要和你談談500年來的影響 and what should we do if we believe this is the true movement in the history of mankind so valuable as a gift directly from God 若我們相信這是人類史上真實的、如同直接來自 上帝的禮物一樣有價值的運動,我們該怎麼做呢? How should we contribute ourselves? 我們該如何獻上自己? How should we sacrifice ourselves? 我們當如何自我犧牲? How should we involve the rest our lives? 我們應該如何將餘生參與在這當中? To do and accomplish God's will in this world 在這個世界上尊崇並完成上帝的旨意 Let's pray! 我們一同禱告 Father we thank You for giving us this opportunity to know and to understand 父神我們感謝祢賜給我們這個機會來認識了解 when we once again 當我們再一次 to obey Your will 遵行祢的旨意 to involve ourselves 能夠參與 in the great movement in history 在這歷史上的偉大運動之中 Please cleanse us, God! 求主潔淨我們 purify us 煉淨我們 and revive us 復興我們 with Your holy fire from heaven 以祢從天而來的聖火 May the Spirit of God sanctify us once again 願上帝的靈使我們再次成聖 our minds, our hearts 我們的心懷意念 and give us Your fire in our hearts 將祢的火賜下在我們的心裡 to fight for You 來為祢爭戰 Just like You had used Calvin in his days 如同祢使用加爾文的一生 We ask You to come to us 求你降臨在我們當中 to use us 使用我們 in our time, our place 在我們的環境裡面 in order to show forth Your full glory 為的是彰顯祢全備的榮耀 In the name of Jesus Christ our Lord and savior 奉我們救主耶穌基督的名 we pray 我們禱告 Amen
Last time we already talked about the importance of the Reformation 上次我们已经谈到归正运动的重要性 and if we Cristians do not understand that We do not understand history 若身为基督徒的我们不明白,我们就不能了解历史 we will surely lose our identity 我们肯定会失去我们的地位 A man who doesn't know history He will lose his identity 一个不了解历史的人会失去他的地位 A Christian who do not know the history of Christian church, he will lose his identity as a Christian member 一个不懂教会历史的基督徒 会失去他身为基督徒的地位 If we lose our hope 如果我们失去希望 we will lose our future 我们会失去未来 if we lose our presence 如果我们失去了我们的气度 we will lose the value of our existence 我们将失去存在的价值 Man is the only being created after the image and the likeness of God 人类是唯一按照上帝的形象样式被造的 we exist physically in this temporary world 我们以肉体的形式存在于这个暂存的世界中 but God puts eternity in our soul 但上帝将永恒性放在我们的灵魂里面 That is the reason we are so different from other animals 这就是使我们与其他动物如此不同的原因 Our spirit can look backwards 我们的灵魂能看向过去 and that is the content of history 这就是历史的内容 Our spirit can look forward 我们的灵魂可以向前看 that is the vision of our future 这是我们眺望未来的眼光 today we are commemorating the 500 years anniversary of John Calvin's ,1509-1564 birth 今天我们纪念约翰‧加尔文诞辰五百周年 Two years yesterday 到昨天已经两年了 if Calvin is here 若加尔文在这里 He would never agree that we commemorating him 他绝对不会同意我们纪念他 that is the reason he is worthy of being commemorated 这就是他值得被纪念的原因 Calvin never felt that he was great 加尔文从来不觉得自己很伟大 that is the reason we consider he was great 这就是我们认为他伟大的原因 Calvin never felt that he was significant 加尔文从来没有觉得他很重要 that is the reason we consider him very significant 这就是我们认为他非常重要的原因 Calvin never felt that he loves God too much 加尔文从来不觉得自己很爱上帝 that is the reason he is the example of our love to God 因此他是我们敬爱上帝的榜样 If we have to find out who is the most humble, the most faithful in the history and the most consistent in loving God and preaching His truth 若我们必须找出历史上最谦卑、最忠诚 而且最坚定地爱神、传讲祂真理的人 I'm sure I will choose John Calvin 我一定会选择约翰‧加尔文 Every sentence he speaks He speaks in a very humble way 他的谈吐十分地谦逊 He never boast of himself 他从不夸耀自己 If you look at Martin Luther, 1483-1546 who said Such a less important monk like me can shake the throne of pope and the Roman Catholique Church 马丁路德曾经说过:“像我这样卑微的修士 都可以摇撼教皇和罗马天主教的座位” Calvin never said anything like that 加尔文从未说过类似的话 in Calvin's heart there's no revenge 在加尔文心里没有报复 no self-defence 不为自己辩护 Once he said Even though Martin Luther called me a devil 有一次他说:“尽管马丁路德称我为魔鬼” I always consider him my spiritual father 我一直认为他是我属灵的父亲 in the spirituality of John Calvin 在约翰·加尔文的灵性中 we see all the best examples which Christian can follow 我们看到基督徒可以遵循的所有最好模范 Of course, he have been participated in one of the most important historical movement of all times 当然,他参加了有史以来最重要的历史运动之一 and what is the meaning of historical movement? 历史运动的意义是什么? when a historical movement occurs 当历史运动发生时 human society, human religion and human achievement are now turning to another direction 人类的社会、宗教和成就便转往另一个方向 historical movement is a study which would take years for us to understand 历史运动是一项必须耗费多年才能明白的研究 when historical movement occurs everything will change 一切都会改变 The past days will never return 过去的日子不会再回来了 historical movement could occur when a group of people are not satisfied with the situation and the condition of their time 当一群人对他们的现状不满意时 历史运动就可能发生 so a new idea exploded from within their hearts 他们突然产生一个新的想法 and influenced so many people to follow them 并影响了很多人跟随他们 and created a new era in history 并在历史中开创了一个新的时代 historical movement needs the creativity 历史运动需要创造力 historical movement needs a lot of followers 历史运动需要很多的跟随者 historical movement needs a new spirit and a new direction for the new era of history 为了新的历史时代,历史运动需要新的精神和方向 of all the historcal movements in history which have changed the minds and the ways of living of human beings 历史上所有改变了人类思想和生活方式的历史运动 Reformation is the most important one 归正福音运动是其中最重要的一个 because besides of Reformation there's not even one historical movement which was directly directed by God Himself 除了归正福音运动之外 没有一个历史运动是直接由上帝亲自带领的 so many historical movements are originated from human beings as creatures of God but not originated from God 如此多的历史运动始于上帝所创造的人类 但不是出于上帝 I want to raise up your attention about what kind of the significance we know through the historical movement called Reformation 我想提高你的注意力 透过称为归正运动的历史运动,我们了解了什么意义 Reformation exploded out from the guidance of the Holy Spirit to His own chosen people The universal church 归正福音运动从圣灵对祂的选民 普世教会的引导之中爆发出来 Even though so many times it have been guided by the foreigners in different countries in Europe and Central Europe 尽管如此 它已多次为欧洲和中欧的外国人所领导 Like Tindale, 1494-1536 like Wycliffe, 1320-1384 in Britain 例如英国的威廉·廷代尔和约翰·威克里夫 Like Jan Hus in Bohemia 就像波希米亚的扬·胡斯一样 and other places in France in Scotland and in some other places 在法国的其他地方和苏格兰以及其他一些地方 but they failed to overthrown the Catholic Church 但他们未能推翻天主教会 not until 31 October 1517 when Martin Luther nailed the 95 theses on the gate of the church in Wittenberg 直到1517年10月31日 马丁·路德将九十五条论纲钉在威登堡教会的门上 and this movement became a movement which cannot be quenched by any power from politics religion or military achievements 而这个运动成为一个无法被政治 宗教或军事成就,任何力量扑灭的运动 and the flame of the Holy Spirit still burns in every part of the world from that day 圣灵的火焰从那天起仍然在世界各地燃烧 the talent and the spirit of Martin Luther was much stronger than John Calvin 马丁·路德的恩赐与灵性都大大强过约翰‧加尔文 Martin Luther was a giant and was so talented and so eloquent in preaching and delivering his oratory 马丁·路德是个伟人,他如此有才华 能辩才无碍地讲道和发挥他的才干 so explosive, so full of feelings and emotions in his life 他的生命是如此热烈地充满情绪和感情 but Calvin was so calm, so steady and silent in his life 但是加尔文的生命是如此平静、稳定与安静 Even though, they are very different 尽管他们如此不同 but God had greatly used both of them 但上帝仍然大大地使用了他们两个 He used them in very different ways 以截然不同的方式 What kind of method was used by God on these two giants of Reformation? 上帝是以何种方式使用这两位归正运动的伟人呢? in the power of Martin Luther there's full of destructive effects 在马丁路德的力量里面,充满了拆毁的功用 destructive power 拆毁的力量 but not Calvin 但加尔文不同 Calvin conceives the greatest constructive power 加尔文怀有最大的建造能力 if there were a man called Martin Luther 若有一个人叫做马丁·路德 if there were not a man called Martin Luther 若没有一个叫做马丁·路德的人 it is almost impossible to challenge the giants of Roman Catholicism 几乎是不可能去挑战罗马天主教的大人物 cannot overthrown and reduce the influences of the Roman Catholic power in Europe and the world 无法推翻及削弱罗马天主教在欧洲和世界的影响力 so God had used Martin Luther to be the tool to tear down the great system of Roman Catholicism 所以上帝使用马丁·路德 作为推翻罗马天主教庞大体系的器皿 all the wrong teachings 所有错误的教导 all the bad traditions 所有不好的传统 and all the wrong doctrines 和所有错误的学说 were all exposed by the teachings of Martin Luther at that time 都在那个时候被马丁·路德的教导暴露出来了 and after the Roman catholicism have been overthrown 在罗马天主教被推翻之后 came confusion 混乱就来到 came uncertainty 不确定性出现了 came the feelings of no identity 产生失去身份的感觉 because at that time of mediaeval people are so crucial to know that their sins are forgiven, they could be saved and they are sure of going to heaven 因为在中世纪的时候人们迫切地想知道 他们的罪是否得赦、他们是否得救以及能上天堂的确据 and all these assurances only depends on the legalization of the church 而这一切确据都取决于教会的合法化 if the church do not recognize you 如果教会不承认你 if the father of Catholicism do not want to forgive you 如果天主教教会的神父不想饶恕你 in your confession, in your contrition 当你告解、悔罪的时候 then you will never go to heaven 那你就绝对无法上天堂 so the keys are in the hands of catholic leaders 所以权柄都掌握在天主教领袖的手中 everyone are trembling 每个人都在颤抖 they are afraid if they could't go to heaven 他们害怕如果他们不能去天堂 so their identities are based on the recognition of the catholic leaders 所以他们的身份是基于天主教领袖的认可 catholic had a very old tradition of interpreting if you release somebody in this world my Father in heaven will also release that person 天主教有个非常古老的传统惯例 你在地上释放谁,我父在天上也会释放谁 If you forgive the sins of a sinner my heavenly Father will forgive him as well 你赦免谁的罪,谁的罪就必被天上的父赦免 at the contradictory, if you do not want to release them they will never be released, never be saved 相反的,如果你不愿释放他们 他们永远不会被释放,永远不能得救 so, the key is in the church 所以,权柄是在教会的手中 Cyprian, 200-258 said Outside of the church, there is no salvation 居普良教导说:“在教会之外没有救恩” and this sentence became the biggest and the strongest weapon of catholic fathers 这句话就成了天主教神父最大、最强的武器 your fate, your destiny and your eternal fortune depends on these fathers 你的命运和永恒的际遇取决于这些神父 It will influence your eternity not only your life on earth 这不只影响你在世上的人生,也影响你的永恒 the time when Martin Luther was excommunicated from the Catholic Church 当时马丁·路德被天主教会逐出教会的时候 The occurrence of this incident is a great disaster for one person 这件事的发生对一个人来说是一场大灾难 so It means that Martin Luther have no possibility to be saved 所以这意味着马丁·路德没有得救的可能了 Because he was excommunicated from the church 因为他已被教会除名 and who ever follows him will also get the same kind of destiny forever forbidden from heaven 任何跟随他的人也会遭遇一样的命运 永远被禁止去天堂 so after Martin Luther had his destructive power to challenge the Catholic Church 在马丁·路德以他的拆毁能力去挑战天主教会之后 and he was excommunicated 他就被逐出教会 then the whole community of christians that oppose the catholicism has no identity, no hope, no future, no eternal bliss 整个反对天主教的基督徒群体 都不被认同、没有盼望、没有未来与永远的福乐 and that is the reason God raised up John Calvin 这就是神高抬约翰‧加尔文的原因 John Calvin had read the Bible so many times 约翰加尔文读圣经读了好多好多遍了 I believe he's the one who knows the total meaning of the Bible better than anyone in history 我相信他是比历史上任何人都更了解圣经全部意义的人 He rebuilt and restored the confident of every Christian that they need not to be afraid of the excommunication 他重建并恢复每个基督徒的信心 他们不必害怕被逐出教会 Why do we say that? 我们为何这样说呢? because he found out that our identity is not based up on the recognition of the church's authority 因为他发现我们的身份不是建立在教会的认可之上 then how can I know that I'm saved? 那我怎么知道我得救没有? How can I be certain that I have the eternal security? 我如何确定我有永恒的保障? How can I have the assurance of going to heaven? 我如何确保自己可以去天堂? people say: I'm saved because the church fathers the catholic priests said they forgive my sins 人们说:我得救 是因为天主教的神父饶恕了我的过犯 but Calvin found out in the Bible you should jump from that level 但加尔文在圣经里面发现:你应该跳脱这个层次 the jumping of the understanding of the traditional level according to the tradition of exposition of the Bible is the key to make you confident 跳脱错误遗传的理解 根据改教传统对圣经的解释是使你生发信心的关键 and this kind of jump is very important to our faith 这样的跳脱对我们的信仰是非常重要的 Just like when Jesus was not considered qualified enough to be the priest 就像当时耶稣被认为不符合作祭司的资格 because all the Pharisee people know that he is from the tribe of Juda 因为所有的法利赛人都知道他来自犹大支派 and Judah's descendants have no possibility to become a priest 犹大的后裔不可能成为祭司 because priests must be the descendant of Levi, Aaron and finally, the descendant of Zadok 因为祭司必须是利未的后裔 亚伦的后裔以及撒督的后裔 But the author of the Hebrew Epistles 但是希伯来文书的作者 He found out there is a jump over this traditional interpretation of the Bible 他突破了传统对圣经的解释 they discovered the promise of God to His Son in Psalms 110 他们从诗篇110篇发现了上帝对祂儿子的应许 You are a priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek 祢是照着麦基洗德的等次,永远为祭司 and Melchizedek is even earlier than the existance of Harold, Levi and Sadok 而麦基洗德甚至比、利未、撒督更早 When Abraham gave 10% of his income to Melchizedek the high priest from God 当亚伯拉罕将自己所得来的十分之一 给从上帝来的大祭司麦基洗德 at that time, Aaron was not yet existing 当时亚伦尚未出生 He was still in the waist of Abraham 他还在亚伯拉罕的腰中 So the Hebrew people people of Judah could never accuse Jesus You are from Judah you are not allowed nor qualified to become a priest 所以希伯来人、犹太人无法指控耶稣 “你来自犹大,你不被允许也没有资格成为祭司” This kind of jump is an inspiration for Christians to find out How can we be assured of our identity in eternity 这个想法启发了基督徒能以得知 如何确保我们在永恒中的身份 and John Calvin found out about this 而约翰‧加尔文发现了 that was not Martin Luther 不是马丁·路德 not Zwingli, 1484-1531 不是慈运理 But John Calvin discovered this 而是约翰‧加尔文的发现 you are not recognized by a catholic leader 你没有天主教领袖的认可 so you are not legalized to be a true Christian 你不是一个合法的真基督徒 How can you say you are saved? 你怎么能说你得救了? because you are excommunicated 因为你已经被逐出教会了! no more priest will lay his hand on your head 没有牧师会再给你按手 so you will lose your identity for ever and ever 因此你将永远失去你的身份 but Calvin answered 但加尔文回答 that is written in the book of Ephesians We are predestinated even before the foundation of the world 在以弗所书里写着 我们在上帝创世之前就已经被拣选了 so brothers and sisters I tell you very seriously 所以弟兄姐妹们,我很严肃的告诉你们 the doctrine of predestination was originally from the revelation of God 预定论的教义最初是来自上帝的启示 It is not a human invention 不是人类的发明 It is not a human interpretation of the Bible 不是人的解经 but that was revealed by God Himself 而是上帝亲自启示的 Before the universe was created 在宇宙被创造以先 Before the existance of all being created by God 在万物被上帝创造出来之前 God already predestinated in Jesus Christ that we become His children 上帝早已在耶稣基督内预定我们成为祂的儿女 so that is the greatest assurance 所以这是最大的保证 So we don't need to be afraid of not being able to enter heaven 所以我们不必害怕不能上天堂 Who are you? 你是谁? you priests 你们作教师的 you catholic fathers 你们作神父的 you cardinal 你们这些红衣主教 and you pope 你们这些主教 you are only ordained far after the creation of the universe 你只是在宇宙被造许久之后才被任命的 but I am a Christian 但我是个基督徒 My identity was predestined by God Himself 我的身份是上帝甚至在创世之前亲自预定的 so the doctrine of predestination 所以预定论的道理 is not compulsory teaching the Christians of Reformed Churches to follow 没有强制性地教导归正教会的基督徒遵循 nothing compulsory 并非强制性的 it is the true understanding of the eternal will of God and the eternal preparation of the decree of salvation 此乃是对主上帝永恒预旨并救恩的真知识 so because of this kind of understanding of the doctrine in the Bible 因着如此对圣经的理解 So Calvinism gave true Christians the confidence to not be afraid of anyone in the world 加尔文主义给予真正的基督徒不惧怕世上任何人的信心 It doesn't matter who recognizes me or confirms my identity in this world 这个世上谁是否认可我、谁是否肯定我都无关紧要 Because I directly depend on the eternal God 因为我坦然倚靠永恒的上帝 I trust directly in His eternal will to save me 我坦然地相信祂以永恒的旨意拯救我 This is the reason we say Martin Luther tore down the giant catholic theology system 因此我们认为马丁·路德拆毁了庞大的天主教神学系统 But God used Calvin to raise up to build up the strong confidence of protestant theology 但是上帝兴起加尔文来建立新教神学的强烈信心 no one had thoroughly understood the whole scripture like Calvin 没有人像加尔文一样完整透彻地了解全本圣经 in 500 years of history it have proven that the Catholic system is the strongest, the most consistent and the most comprehensive 五百年的历史已经证明天主教系统 是最健全、最坚固和最缜密的 so tonight we praise God for raising up John Calvin 所以今晚我们为着约翰·加尔文的兴起赞美上帝 this is because of the sovereign grace of God's power 这就是上帝能力的主权恩典 next to this, together with all the great reformers including Bullinger, 1504-1575 Bucer, 1491-1551 and also Melanchthon, 1497-1560 Martin Luther and Zwingli 与所有伟大的改教家比肩的还有 布林格、布塞尔、梅兰希通、马丁·路德和慈运理 and John Calvin, all together they agreed with the five principles in the Reformation movement 和约翰·加尔文一同,他们都同意归正运动中的五个唯独 which I have put all these principles on top of our cathedral here 我已经把这五个唯独写在我们大教堂的顶部 The first is Sola Scriptura 第一个是“唯独圣经” Only through the Bible 唯有借着圣经 Only by the words of God 唯有上帝的话 So it is based on the Bible we built up our system of faith 我们以圣经为根基建立信仰体系 Why only the Bible? 为何唯独圣经? weren't there many documents and contribution of the writings of the church fathers outside of the Bible? 除了圣经以外 不是有许多神父与教师的文献吗? But not one book beside the Bible can compete, replace or compare with the reveal of the word of God 但是除了圣经之外 没有一本书可以竞争、取代或与上帝圣言的启示相比 Because all writings of human being are written as a production of the limited, created and polluted reasoning 因为人类的所有著作 都是从有限的、被造的和受污染的理性产生出来的 but the Bible is the only scripture from God Himself that is totally pure and completely revealed by God Himself 但圣经是唯一一部纯全,完全由上帝亲自启示的经典 If you have to divide and discern the truth with the interpretation of the truth 如果你必须通过对真理的解释来划分和辨别真相 no interpretation of truth could be compared or equalized with the truth itself 对真理的解释不能与真理本身相比或被等同视之 if you have to discern the preaching and the Bible 如果你必须分辨讲道和圣经 Bible is Bible, there's no way to compare or to equalize the preaching with the Bible 圣经是圣经,讲道与圣经是不能相提并论的 This is the first principle in the movement of Reformation 这是归正运动的第一个原则 so they all confessed that this principle is absolute and couldn't be compromised 所以他们都公认这个原则是绝对的,不容妥协 Sola Scriptura “唯独圣经” In Barfield, 1898-1997 theology 在巴菲尔德神学中 He divided logos into 3 realms 他将神的话语划分为三个领域 the first: The word of God in preaching 首先:讲台上传讲的上帝的话 and the second The word of God in revelation of the Bible 第二:上帝在圣经中启示的话语 the third The word of God in the incarnated Christ in the history 上帝的道成了历史时间中肉身的基督 I think this implied something dangerous 我认为这意味着某些危险的想法 Because it seems that people equalized all these 3 因为人们似乎将这三件事等量齐观了 but actually, it must not be equalized 事实上,这是不能等量齐观的 Because preaching is human interpretation of the revealed Bible 因为讲道是人类对圣经的解释 except that preaching is apostolic preaching 除了使徒的教导 or the prophetic preaching 或是预言性的教导 Otherwise you see so many preachers are preaching casually preaching according to their polluted reasoning power 除此以外,你看到许多传道人随便讲道 以被污染的理性功能讲道 That is changing eternally without stability 永远变来变去,没有稳定性 so, I think it is right to confirm that the Bible is the only truth in the written form 因此,我认为必须确认 圣经是唯一以书面形式存在的真理 in gospel of John 17:17 约翰福音第十七章十七节 Jesus prayed to His Father: Sanctify my people 耶稣向天父祈求:“求祢使他们成圣” Sanctify them, Father “父啊!使他们成圣” with the truth 用真理 after He prayed like this He added another sentence said: Thy word is truth 如此祷告之后,又说:“祢的道就是真理” it only appeared once in the Bible 在圣经里面只出现过一次 the word of God is truth 神的话就是真理 the truth is the word of God 真理就是神的话 so all the reformers they agreed to put this as the first principle 因此所有的改教家一致同意以此为第一个唯独 incomparable 不能比较的 no replacement 不能被取代的 can not be compete with 不能与之竞争 no equalization 没有与之相等的 There's not even one religious book of another religion or any spiritual writings from any church father could compare with the writings of the Old Testament prophets and the New Testament apostles 没有任何一部其他宗教的著作或任何教会长老的属灵著作可以与旧约先知以及新约使徒所写的相比 This is the first foundation 这是第一个根基 so we believe 我们相信 we act 我们行动 we behave 我们为人 we obey God's work 我们顺服上帝的工作 we build up our ethical behavior 我们建立合乎道德的行为 all only upon the word of God 一切都只取决于上帝的话语 这是第一个要点 and the second principle is Sola Gratia 第二个要点是“唯独恩典” Sola Gratia means that there's no human merit can be joint with the grace of God “唯独恩典”的意思就是 没有人的功德可以与上帝的恩典合作 the Bible leaves no room for human merit in the realm of God's salvation 圣经在上帝的救恩里面没有为人类的功德留下一点空间 so in the Reformed tradition since the time of Reformation 自归正运动开始以来的传统 all reformers believe Sola Gratia 所有归正信仰的人都相信“唯独恩典” if you do not recognize and do not admit Sola Gratia is the only understanding of salvation 如果你不承认也不接受“唯独恩典” 是救赎的唯一解释 you will never give the full glory to God 你绝对不会全然归荣耀与神 so this is very important 所以这是非常重要的 and gratia the grace from God 从上帝而来的恩典 the grace of God is directly from the sovereignty of God 上帝的恩典直接来自于上帝的主权 so no one can effect, no one can influence God to give grace to whom or not to whom 所以没有任何人能影响上帝施恩给谁或不给谁 it's by the will of God Himself 是上帝自己的决定 He give grace differently with different portion to different people 祂以不同的方式给予不同的人不同分量的恩典 if someone gets more than others 若有人得的比别人多一点 we must not require that each portion should be in accordance with the justice of God 我们不能要求上帝按照祂的公义赐福给我们 the grace of God has nothing to do with the justice of God 上帝的恩典与上帝的公义无关 must be understood through the sovereignty of God 上帝的恩典必须透过上帝的主权来了解 and this is the second principle 这是第二个要点 God is the only one Who's sovereign and gives us grace according to His own will 上帝是唯一拥有主权 并按照自己的意愿赐予我们恩典的 that is the reason there's no qualification, no condition within the sinners that can please God and cause Him or influence Him to give grace to us 因此罪人没有任何资格或条件可以取悦上帝 或左右祂赐给我们恩典 we can only beg for the mercy from God If He is willing He will do something and grant His grace to us 我们只能乞求上帝的怜悯,如果祂愿意 祂会动工并赐恩典给我们 and in the Reformed theology there's division between the so-called common grace and the saving grace 在归正神学里面 所谓的普遍恩典和救赎恩典之间是有区分的 later on I will go further and talk about the significance of this division it is so important that no school or theology system had taught before 待会我会讲更多关于这个区分的意义 这非常重要而且没有任何学校或神学的课程讲过 Thirdly 第三 the principle is called Sola Fide “唯独信心” Sola Fide means only by our faith that we can be accepted by God 就是唯独借着我们的信心,我们才能被上帝接纳 Sola Fide means by faith alone, we can please Him “唯独信心”就是我们只有借着信心才能讨祂的喜悦 and what is the meaning of Fide? and in Latin it's called πιστός 希腊文是πιστός πιστός and fide means believing, faith and trust in God πιστός 和 Fide 意思是相信、信靠上帝 What does it mean by faith? 借着信是什么意思? one of the most important definition from Martin Luther is 有影响力的定义之一是马丁·路德所说的 faith means the acceptance of the acceptance 信仰就是领受接纳 What does it mean by the acceptance of the acceptance? 领受接纳是什么意思呢? I accept something 我领受某件事 even though it seems illogical 既使看起来不太合理 but it is the fact 但这是事实 so I couldn't reject it 所以我无法拒绝它 I might not refuse it 我可能不会拒绝它 I have to accept it 我必须领受它 accept what? 领受什么? I accept the fact that even though I'm so sinful so unworthy but God have already accepted me 我领受这一个事实 就是即便我罪恶深重不配蒙恩,上帝却早已接纳了我 I accept the fact that God already accepted me the acceptance of the acceptance, that is faith 我领受上帝已经接纳我的这个事实 领受接纳,那就是信心 if the grace is given to human being without any condition and any qualification from them 如果人类得着恩典不是因为任何条件或资格 so what is in me that cause me to be given grace by God? 那么在我里面有什么能使我得到上帝的恩典呢? the sinner prayed God, have mercy on me because I am a sinner 罪人祷告说 “上帝怜悯我吧!因为我是一个罪人” there are a lot of differences between the prayer of the sinner and the Pharisee I am so good, I give tithing and I praise You because I am better than others 罪人和法利赛人的祷告有许多不同 “我是好人,我什一奉献,我赞美祢因我比别人良善” I thank You because I'm better than others “我感谢祢因为我比别人良善” This kind of thanksgiving always unconsciously happens in our Christian life 这样的感恩祷告总是无意识地 出现在我们基督徒的生活中 When you have the thanksgiving meeting in your new house 当你在新家里举行感恩聚会 Are you truly, sincerely and honestly give thanks to God for your new house? 你是真心诚意地为你的新家感谢上帝吗? Or, you are trying to tell others I thank God because my house is bigger than yours 还是你在告诉人: “我感谢上帝,因为我的房子比你的大”? only God knows the motivation of our thanksgiving 只有上帝知道我们感恩的动机 Jesus said: This man is speaking in his heart to himself 耶稣说:这个人在心里对自己说话 so that kind of thanksgiving has nothing to do with God Who is worthy of the glory of man 所以这样的感恩与配得尊荣的上帝毫无关系 That sinner said: Have mercy on me, oh God! Because I am a sinner 那罪人祷告说:“神啊,可怜我这个罪人!” and this sinner was immediately justified by God 这个罪人立刻得到上帝的称义 so justification by faith 所以因信称义 is based on the Sola Gratia 就是以唯独恩典为根基 and Sola Gratia will cause our respond to God by Sola Fide 唯独恩典会使我们借着唯独信心对上帝作出回应 other than the faith given by God as a gift, as a result and production of the word that we heard and respond to God 上帝所赐的信心 如同我们听从并回应上帝的话的礼物、结果和产物 There is nothing we can please God with 我们没有什么可以取悦上帝的 because all our righteousness is just like wrecked clothes before God 因为我们所有的义在上帝面前都像破烂的衣服一样 so this is the third principle of Reformation 这是归正运动的第三个原则 and the fourth principle: Solus Christus 第四个要点是“唯独基督” Only Jesus Christ is the center point of all the revelation of God through the Old and New Testament 只有耶稣基督是贯穿旧约和新约所有上帝启示的中心点 So Martin Luther said: By faith and you can see Jesus appearing in every Chapter of the Bible 马丁·路德说:“借着信心 你可以看到耶稣基督在圣经的每一章里面出现” We Christians should not have the selective perception in reading the Bible 我们基督徒不应该以选择性的观念读圣经 We should have our hearts cleansed so the Holy Spirit Who is true may reveal the truth 我们应该洁净我们的心使得真理的圣灵可以揭示真理 and that we could see all the focal point of the revelation of God 使我们可以看到上帝启示的焦点 when Jesus was resurrected from the dead 当基督从死里复活之后 He appeared Himself 10 times before He ascended to heaven 在祂升天之前,祂显现了十次 and once among them He appeared to two men who were returning to Emmaus 其中一次就是向两个要回以马忤斯的门徒显现 and He walked with them and He talked with them 祂与他们同行、与他们谈话 What did He say to these two disciples? 祂对这两个门徒说了什么? He pointed out Himself and His necessity of suffering throughout the Bible from the book of Moses to Psalms and all the important writings of the prophets that time the Christology and the messianic passage they do no understand the part of the suffering 祂从摩西五经到诗篇和所有先知书信指出祂自己与祂受难的必要性,当时他们还不明白基督受难的必要性 the Jewish people read the Bible chapter by chapter, book by book after years of studying the Bible they only want the glorious Messiah not the suffering Messiah 犹太人多年来逐章逐卷地研读圣经 他们却只想迎接荣耀的弥赛亚而非受难的弥赛亚 they would not accept a Messiah who should be crucified who should experience suffering and finally crowned then go into the glory 他们不接受一个必须钉十架 经历苦难之后进入尊贵和荣耀的弥赛亚 after 3 and a half years of discipling His disciples 祂训练门徒三年半之后 teaching them 教导他们 they still do not understand 他们仍然不明白 so when Jesus was resurrected they're so disapointed because the crucifiction of their Messiah is very different from what they've hoped for and thought of so They felt that they have failed because they couldn't have the true Messiah 耶稣复活后他们非常失望,因为弥赛亚被钉十架与他们所希望的不同,他们不能接受真正的弥赛亚所以甚觉挫败 and Jesus opened their eyes 耶稣开启了他们的眼睛 Jesus let them know all the books in the Old Testament was pointing to His suffering not only the glorification 耶稣让他们了解整本旧约都指出祂的受难 而不只是得荣耀 so all the greatest reformers they preach gospel and try to find out the focal point of Solus Christus in the whole Bible 所有伟大的改教家教导福音 并试着找出全本圣经中唯独基督的焦点 There is a big church called Riverside Church in New York 在纽约有一个大教会叫河滨教堂 One time when a pastor came up to preach he saw two sentences written on a small paper 一次一位牧师上台要讲道 他看见一张小纸条上面写着两句话 It was written and put on the pulpit 纸条就放在讲台上 and it sounds like this 上面写着 Please talk about Jesus 请谈论耶稣的事情吧! because in this church we have missed His name for two years 因为在这里我们已经两年没有听到祂的名字了 that big church have not preach even the name of Jesus for two years 那间大教会甚至已有两年之久没有传讲耶稣的名字了 This kind of church 这样的教会 deserved to decay and fade out 理当衰败和灭亡 So the reformers say Solus Christus 因此改教家提出“唯独基督” This is a very important principle to build up the historical movement called the Reformation 这是建构归正运动这个历史运动极重要的要点 the fifth 第五 the fifth principle of Reformation movement is Soli Deo Gloria 归正运动的第五的要点是“唯独神的荣耀” Everything we do 我们做每一件事情 We believe We behave 我们行事为人 We minister 我们服事 We witness 我们作见证 We do our daily jobs 我们做日常工作 We live our everyday lives 我们过日常生活 in all that we do there's only one final purpose 我们所做的一切只有一个最终目的 that is to glorify God alone 就是唯独荣耀上帝 if you find anything you do that is not glorifying God 若你发现你所做任何一件不能荣耀上帝的事情 you should feel sad in your heart 你的心里应该感到难过 and that kind of sadness is called the holy grief 那样的悲伤就是圣洁的忧伤 and your sanctified emotion is grieving and opposing yourself 你被圣化的情感会在忧伤中敌挡自己 it means that you are walking in accordance with the steps of the guidance of the Holy Spirit 这表示你是按照圣灵所引导的去行 I speak everthing to glorify God 我说的每句话都为了荣耀上帝 everything I think 每一件所想的事情 everything I say 我所说的一切 everything I do 我做的每件事 everything I plan 我一切的计划 my every behavior 我的每一个行为 my every ministery 我的每一个事工 should be purified in my conscience to glorify God alone 都当在被圣化的良心中炼净,为了唯独归荣耀与上帝 I can never imagine there's any historical movement more glorious than the Reformation 我无法想像任何历史运动比归正运动更荣耀的 I repeat The first principle is Sola Scriptura 第一个要点是“唯独圣经” The second principle is Sola Gratia the third principle is Sola Fide 第三个要点是“唯独信心” the fourth principle is Solus Christus and the fifth principle is Soli Deo Gloria 第五个原则是“唯独上帝的荣耀” There was a great composer in Germany called Johann Sebastian Bach, 1685-1750 在德国有一位伟大的作曲家叫做约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴哈 in these past two months our Jakarta Oratorio Society were singing Bach's Mass in B minor 这两个月以来我们雅加达圣乐社在唱巴哈的B小调弥撒曲 Bach is one of the most devout Christian as a composer in history 巴哈是历史上最虔诚的基督徒作曲家 He composed more than 300 cantatas 他创作了超过三百首清唱剧 to be sung in the church service and every cantata takes about 25 to 30 minutes 让人在教会崇拜中歌唱,而每部清唱剧长约25至30分钟 every sunday service in St. Thomas Church in eastern Germany Leipzig 位于东德莱比锡的圣多马教堂的每个主日崇拜 He was just like John Calvin 他就像约翰加尔文 He never felt he was great 他从不认为自己伟大 He didn't know his music will be sung in Kemayoran after 250 years 他不知道两百五十年后 他的音乐会在凯马约兰被演唱出来 He just tried to write good music in order to glorify God 他只是为了荣耀上帝而努力写出好的音乐 and he train the choir in the weekdays 他平日训练诗班 and the next week he present it to the congregation 下周马上在会众面前献诗 and afterwards he try to compose again 然后他再作曲 then train the choir again 再训练诗班 then present it in the next sunday service 下周主日崇拜又呈献出来 so he worked so hard to accomplish one cantata after another every week 所以他每周都努力完成一部接一部的清唱剧 Do you know what happened? 你知道发生什么事了吗? everytime he composes a new cantata 每次他创作一部新的清唱剧之前 he kneel down before God 他跪在上帝面前 My great God, help me! 伟大的上帝啊!帮助我! I want to compose some music for Your glory 我想要作曲荣耀祢 He was raised up in a pietist family 他成长在一个敬虔派的家庭里面 He read the Bible so thoroughly 他彻底地研读圣经 so meditating 昼夜思想 full of comprehension and understanding 理解地十分透彻 and then interpret the word of God with his full spirit and full understanding into his music 然后将他全部的精神 和对上帝话语的充分理解诠释于他的音乐之中 I'll give you an example 我举一个例子 in the Gospel of Matthew Jesus said: Tonight I will be betrayed by one of you, my disciples 马太福音记载耶稣说: “我实在告诉你们,你们中间有一个人要卖我了。” and all the disciples started to ask him: Is it me Lord? Is it me Lord? Is it me Lord? 他们就甚忧愁,一个一个地问祂说:“主,是我吗?” and Johann Sebastian Bach composed that part of the music repeating 11 times, not 12 times 约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴哈 所写的那段音乐重复了十一次而不是十二次 Because Judah didn't ask Jesus: "Is it me, Lord?" 因为犹大没有问:“主,是我吗?” so he read the Bible so carefully 他读圣经是如此谨慎 He interpreted the Bible into his music so carefully 他如此谨慎地将圣经借由音乐诠释出来 and after 11 times 十一次之后 Judah asked Him: "Is it me, Rabbi?" Not "Lord" 犹大问:“拉比,是我吗?”不是“主” according to Chinese idiom out from a mouth of a dog we'll never discover ivory 根据中国谚语“狗嘴吐不出象牙” so Judah never believed Jesus is his Lord 所以犹大从来不相信耶稣是他的主 so when 11 disciples asked: "Is it me, Lord?" Juhad also imitates: "Is it me, Rabbi?" 所以当十一个门徒问:“主啊!是我吗?” 犹大也模仿着问:“拉比,是我吗?” other than you open your mouth 除了你张开嘴 and everytime you speak that is your self introduction 你说的一切话都是在介绍你自己 and Johann Sebastian Bach was so solemnly, so seriously and so faithfully to interpret the Bible into his music 巴哈如此谨慎、认真和忠实地将圣经刻画到他的音乐里 so when he starts to write a new cantata 所以当他要开始写一部新的清唱剧时 he kneel down and say: "God, my Lord! Help me, I'm going to compose music to praise You, to honor You" 他跪下祷告说:“主啊!求祢帮助我 我要作曲来赞美祢、荣耀祢” after he composed and finished a new cantata he never forgets to write "Soli Deo Gloria" 在他写完成一首新的清唱剧时 他从未忘记写下“唯独上帝的荣耀” so he was far greater than any other composers 所以他比任何其他作曲家都要伟大得多 He influenced Mozart, 1756-1791 他影响了莫札特 He influenced Beethoven, 1770-1827 他影响了贝多芬 He influenced Brahms, 1833-1897 他影响了布拉姆斯 He influenced so many great composers of all times 他影响了史上许多伟大的作曲家 I almost find no composer after him tried to critique him 我几乎没看过任何一位在他之后的作曲家批评他 Even in the 21th century 甚至到了二十一世纪 not even one computer can find out any error composed by Johann Sebastian Bach 没有任何一台电脑可以找出巴哈作曲方面的错误 He was just too great 他实在太伟大了 because his life was driven by one pure motivation Soli Deo Gloria 因为他的人生只有一个纯正的动机 “唯独上帝的荣耀” When we talk about this are we not accused in our own conscience? 当我们谈到这里,难道我们的良心没有指责我们吗? we always do something to glorify ourselves 我们总是做荣耀自己的事情 We always do something in order to make profit for ourselves 我们总是做能让自己获利的事情 I heard a theologian critique another theologian 我听到一位神学家批评另一位神学家 He said: He is a reformed theologian 他说他是一个归正的神学家 How could he say that sentence in the conference? 他怎么会在聚会中说这句话? I ask him: What did he say? 我问他:“他说了什么?” He said: I just couldn't believe it! 他说:“我真无法相信” How could a Christian say: " I would never do anything unprofitable in my whole life"? 怎么会有基督徒说: “我一生绝对不会做任何无利可图的事情” Is he saved? 他得救了吗? Is he a reformer? 他的信仰归正了吗? Please take note! 请注意! The fifth principle of Reformed faith is Soli Deo Gloria 归正信仰的第五个原则是“唯独上帝的荣耀” If you truly claimed to be a reformer 如果你真的声称自己是归正信仰的人 Please make some time for introspection 请好好地自我反省 and try to revive yourself 使自己甦醒过来 and rebuild your conscience 重建你的良心 purify your conscience 洁净你的良心 and say to God I live in order to glorify Your name alone 并对上帝说:“我的一生唯独要荣耀祢的名” these are the five principles of Reformation 这就是归正信仰的五要点 and among the total movement of historical reformation 在整个归正运动之中 the most important line must come through Calvinism 最重要的路线必然通过加尔文主义 after 1536 1536 年之后 the significance of Martin Luther is going down 马丁·路德的重要性越来越低微了 but the importance of Calvinism is going up 但加尔文主义的重要性却越来越高 in 1517 1517年 the Reformation was exploded in Wittenberg 归正运动在威登堡迅速开展 the whole world is paying attention to one German called Martin Luther 整个世界都在关注一位名叫马丁·路德的德国人 but after 20 years 但20年后 the movement turns from Germany to Geneva 改教运动从德国转向日内瓦 the whole Europe knows the new theology according to the old tradition of the Bible have been revived in Geneva 整个欧洲都知道 根据圣经的旧传统,新的神学在日内瓦复兴起来了 and every church in Europe send their students to Geneva to study the center of reformed theological education 全欧洲的教会都派学生去 有着归正神学中心地位的日内瓦学习 reformers, reformed churchs and all the reformation students came from Bohemia, south Germany France, England, Scotland and Holland they all went to Geneva to study the theology of John Calvin 在波西米亚、南德、法国、英国、苏格兰与荷兰 的归正教会都派人到日内瓦去学习约翰‧加尔文的神学 the influence of the Calvinism is much greater than Hansworlf People who have studied under the teachings of John Calvin 在约翰·加尔文教导下学习的人 they go back to England 他们回到英国 and became the Puritan Christians 就成为了清教徒 and they were persecuted by the Anglican leaders 他们受到圣公会领袖的迫害 People who went to study Calvinism in Geneva went back to Scotland 前往日内瓦学习加尔文主义的人回到了苏格兰 and John Knox, 1514-1572 started the Presbyterian Church as the mother church of all presbyterians in the whole world 约翰·诺克斯建立了世界长老会的母会 and Scotland became so independent in their religious experience 苏格兰的宗教经历变得如此独立 they totally adopted Calvinism from the teachings of Reformation 他们完全从归正运动的教义中采用了加尔文主义 until now, you see the Scottish reformed is one of the strongest reformed in the world 直到现在你可以看到苏格兰的归正运动是世界最强大的 and those students who went to study under Calvin in Geneva 那些去日内瓦向加尔文学习的学生 they went back to Amsterdam, to Rotterdam to Den Helder, to Utrecht, to so many cities in Nederland 他们回到阿姆斯特丹、鹿特丹、登海尔德 与乌特勒支等许多荷兰的城市 and they started the reformed churchs there 他们在那里建立了归正教会 and people from France came to study under John Calvin in Geneva 法国人也来到日内瓦向约翰·加尔文 they went back to France and started the Huguenot tradition in France 他们回到法国就开始了胡格诺派的传统 and the influence goes from Scotland to the United States 如此从苏格兰影响到了美国 and other parts of the world 与世界其他地方 so the Reformed Church and Presbyterian Church was established all over the world after several centuries 所以几个世纪以后 归正教会和长老教会在世界各地被建立起来 The influence of Martin Luther is going down but the influence of Calvin is going up 马丁·路德的影响力正在降低 但加尔文的影响力正在提升 the whole world learnt and understood there's no system of faith and the understanding of Reformed theology stronger than Calvinism 全世界都明白了解,没有一个信仰体系 以及对归正神学的理解比加尔文主义更强的 If you are reformed 如果你归正了 and truly faithful to reformed 并且是真的对归正信仰忠实 thoroughly understand the theology of Reformed 彻底地了解归正神学 you will never casually compromise the truth to other kind of human thinking 你绝对不会随便将真理与其他人类的思想妥协 If you are consistently reformed 如果你的归正信仰是前后一致的 you will easily discover the weakness of all kinds of knowledge system in other fields science, theology, culture and all learning system 你会很容易地发现其他领域 科学、神学、文化和各种知识体系的弱点 but I will want you 但我希望你 If reformed people forget his own position in leading the world and the culture of the world 如果归正信仰的人忘记了 自己在领导世界和世界文化方面的地位 the world has no hope 这世界就没有希望了 Only this system can truly guide the world's history 只有这个系统才能真正引导世界的历史 Not because we are reformed so we say reformed is the best 不是因为我们是归正信仰的人 所以我们说归正信仰最好 But because reformed is truly the best so we become reformed 而是因为归正信仰是最好的,所以我们归正 not because I belong to this group I defend it 不是因为我属于这个团体,所以我捍卫它 but because this group is so important so pure and full of truth, so I join it 而是因为这个团体如此具有重要性 如此纯洁并充满真理所以我要加入 Stephen Tong was never reformed 唐崇荣过去并未归正 But I believe there must be truth 但我相信一定有真理 There must be system of the absolute truth in this world 这世上一定有绝对真理的系统 so I want to find out which system contains the absolute truth 所以我想要寻找到底是哪一个系统? finally after studying for a long time 终于在我研究了许久之后 I've gone through atheism, communism dialectical materialism, evolutionism and existentialism and so many different kinds of philosophy and ideas in this world 我经历过无神论、共产主义、辩证唯物主义、进化论 存在主义和世间许多不同种类的哲学和思想 and finally I realized only in the reformed system of epistemology consist the solidness and the comprehensiveness and the consistent nature of the total truth 最后我才意识到:唯有归正信仰的认识论体系 包含了整全真理的整体性、全面性和一致性 then I came to adopt the reformed theology in the final semester of my theological study 然后我在神学研究的最后一个学期接受了归正神学 I totally submit myself before God 我在上帝的面前完全降服下来 and I find out what is my purpose of living on this earth is 我找到了我在这世上生活的目的 I will submit my life to God 我要将我的生命献给上帝 I am holding on to the system of Reformed faith 我坚信归正信仰的制度 and teach my students to understand Reformed Theology 然后教导我的学生明白归正神学 I don't know what price should I pay? 我不知道代价是什么? I will never compromise again 我绝不再妥协 in this system of truth 在这个真理的系统之中 there is absolute absolute essence 有绝对绝对的本质 there is confirmation of God as the truth in subjectivity 也确认了上帝是真理的主体性 Who revealed Himself through this system of truth 借由这个真理系统揭示了祂自己 So I dedicated myself again 所以我再次将自己献上 to be the instructor of my years my time, the rest of my life to preach Reformed Theology to teach Reformed teachings to expose Reformed understanding of the Bible 我一生的年日与光阴都要来传讲归正神学 教导归正的学问并将改革宗对圣经的认识公诸于世 Before I founded the Reformed Evangelical Church 在我建立印尼归正福音教会以前 I should tell you, I was the most welcomed preacher in every place and every denomination not only in Indonesia but all over the world 我必须告诉你,我在各教派、各地方 都是最受欢迎的讲员,不只是在印尼 I received so many letters every month inviting me to preach in their churches 每个月我都收到许多教会的邀请信 要我到他们教会讲道 they only give me the opportunity to chose which church I should go and which church I do not want to go 他们只给我机会选择要去哪一间教会 but it is a temptation for me if I go according to my profit according to my reputation or to please people, I will be in danger 但这对我来说是个引诱 若我为了利益、名声或是为了讨好人而去,就很危险了 so I kneel down before God 所以我跪在上帝面前 I choose at least 2 months each year to visit the poorest place in the world to preach and to experience suffering, bitterness and poverty to understand more about my Lord Who have been incarnated in this poor world 我每年至少花两个月去探访世上最贫穷之地,去传道并经历苦难与缺乏,为了更多了解道成肉身于这苦难世界的主 I choose to preach to thousands and thousands youngsters even though they don't have money to give offering 我选择向成千上万的年轻人讲道 就算他们没有钱可以奉献 and I pray to God 我祷告主 Until my old days I'm not going to forget those young children 直到年纪老迈时,我也不要忘记那些孩子 Last year I preached to 7000 children in Singapore 去年我在新加坡向七千多个孩子讲道 and it greatly amazed our guest speaker how can a man at about the age of 70 still preaching, jumping, shouting to children so little 这让我们的客座讲员非常惊奇,怎么一个近七十岁的人 可以在这么小的孩子面前又跳又喊地讲道 Why? 为什么? Because of that promise to God 因着那份对主的承诺 I want to be Your servant 我要做祢的仆人 I want to spread the Reformed Theology 我要传讲归正神学 I want to preach Your gospel 我要传扬祢的福音 Not for my profit 不是为了我的利益 nor my reputation 也不是为了我的名声 but Your glory 而是为了祢的荣耀 For Your chosen people in this world 为了祢的选民 The significance of the Reformed Thoelogy 归正神学的重要性 The significance of the Reformed Movement 归正运动的重要性 is so obvious 是如此显著的 I should stop here 我该做结尾了 and tomorrow evening 明天晚上 I'm going to talk to you about the influences in these 500 years 我要和你谈谈500年来的影响 and what should we do if we believe this is the true movement in the history of mankind so valuable as a gift directly from God 若我们相信这是人类史上真实的、如同直接来自 上帝的礼物一样有价值的运动,我们该怎么做呢? How should we contribute ourselves? 我们该如何献上自己? How should we sacrifice ourselves? 我们当如何自我牺牲? How should we involve the rest our lives? 我们应该如何将余生参与在这当中? To do and accomplish God's will in this world 在这个世界上尊崇并完成上帝的旨意 Let's pray! 我们一同祷告 Father we thank You for giving us this opportunity to know and to understand 父神我们感谢祢赐给我们这个机会来认识了解 when we once again 当我们再一次 to obey Your will 遵行祢的旨意 to involve ourselves 能够参与 in the great movement in history 在这历史上的伟大运动之中 Please cleanse us, God! 求主洁净我们 purify us 炼净我们 and revive us 复兴我们 with Your holy fire from heaven 以祢从天而来的圣火 May the Spirit of God sanctify us once again 愿上帝的灵使我们再次成圣 our minds, our hearts 我们的心怀意念 and give us Your fire in our hearts 将祢的火赐下在我们的心里 to fight for You 来为祢争战 Just like You had used Calvin in his days 如同祢使用加尔文的一生 We ask You to come to us 求你降临在我们当中 to use us 使用我们 in our time, our place 在我们的环境里面 in order to show forth Your full glory 为的是彰显祢全备的荣耀 In the name of Jesus Christ our Lord and savior 奉我们救主耶稣基督的名 we pray 我们祷告 Amen